Gupakira plastike: ikibazo gikura
Mugabanye, ongera ukoreshe, usubiremo9% Mubipfunyika bya pulasitike kwisi yose birasubirwamo.Umunota wose uhwanye nikamyo imwe yimyanda yamashanyarazi yamenetse mumigezi ninzuzi, amaherezo bikarangirira mumyanyanja.Bivugwa ko miliyoni 100 z’inyamaswa zo mu nyanja zipfa buri mwaka kubera plastiki zajugunywe.Kandi ikibazo kigiye gukomera.Raporo ya Ellen MacArthur Foundation ku bukungu bushya bwa Plastike ivuga ko mu 2050, hashobora kuba hashobora kuba plastiki kurusha amafi mu nyanja y'isi.
Biragaragara ko ibikorwa byihutirwa bikenewe kumpande nyinshi.Kimwe mu bintu bihangayikishije Unilever ni uko 14% gusa bipfunyika bya pulasitike bikoreshwa ku isi bituma inzira igaruka ku bimera, kandi 9% gusa ni byo byongera gukoreshwa.1 Hagati aho, icya gatatu gisigaye mu bidukikije byoroshye, kandi 40% birangira hejuru mu myanda.
None, twarangije gute hano?Plastike ihendutse, ihindagurika kandi igizwe nibintu byinshi byahindutse ahantu hose mubukungu bwihuta cyane.Sosiyete igezweho - nubucuruzi bwacu - bushingiye kuri bwo.
Ariko umurongo 'gufata-gukora-gufata' uburyo bwo gukoresha bivuze ko ibicuruzwa bikozwe, bigurwa, bigakoreshwa rimwe cyangwa kabiri kubwintego byakozwe, hanyuma bikajugunywa kure.Gupakira byinshi ntibikunze gukoreshwa kabiri.Nka sosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa, tuzi neza impamvu ningaruka ziyi moderi yumurongo.Turashaka kubihindura.
Kwimukira muburyo bwubukungu
Kwimura icyitegererezo cya 'take-make-dispose' ni urufunguzo rwo kugera ku ntego y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe iterambere rirambye ku bijyanye no gukoresha no gutanga umusaruro urambye (SDG 12), igamije cyane cyane 12.5 yo kugabanya cyane imyanda binyuze mu gukumira, kugabanya, gutunganya no gukoresha.Kwimukira mu bukungu buzenguruka kandi bigira uruhare mu kugera kuri SDG 14, Ubuzima ku mazi, binyuze mu ntego 14.1 yo gukumira no kugabanya umwanda wo mu nyanja w’ubwoko bwose.
Kandi ukurikije ubukungu gusa, guta plastike birumvikana.Nk’uko Ihuriro ry’Ubukungu ku Isi ribitangaza, imyanda ipakira plastike igereranya igihombo cya miliyari 80-120 z'amadolari y’ubukungu bw’isi buri mwaka.Inzira irazengurutse irakenewe, aho tudakoresha gusa ibipfunyika bike, ahubwo dushushanya ibipfunyika dukoresha kugirango bishobore gukoreshwa, kubyazwa umusaruro cyangwa gufumbira.
Ubukungu buzenguruka ni iki?
Ubukungu bwizunguruka buragarura kandi bukavugururwa mugushushanya.Ibi bivuze ko ibikoresho bihora bitembera hafi ya 'funga loop' sisitemu, aho gukoreshwa rimwe hanyuma bikajugunywa.Nkigisubizo, agaciro k'ibikoresho, harimo na plastiki, ntikabura no gutabwa hanze.
Turimo gushiramo ibitekerezo
Turibanda kubice bitanu bigari, byuzuzanya kugirango dushyireho ubukungu buzenguruka bwo gupakira plastike:
Kongera gutekereza ku buryo dushushanya ibicuruzwa byacu, bityo dukoresha plastike nkeya, plastike nziza, cyangwa nta plastiki: dukoresheje Igishushanyo mbonera cyacu cyerekeranye na Recyclability amabwiriza twatangije muri 2014 kandi tuvugurura muri 2017, turimo gushakisha ahantu nko gupakira modular, gushushanya no gusenya kandi kongera guterana, gukoresha cyane ibyuzuye, gutunganya no gukoresha ibikoresho nyuma yumuguzi byongeye gukoreshwa muburyo bushya.
Gutwara impinduka zifatika mubitekerezo byizunguruka kurwego rwinganda: nko mubikorwa byacu na Fondasiyo ya Ellen MacArthur, harimo nubukungu bushya bwa plastiki.
Gukorana na guverinoma gushiraho ibidukikije bifasha gushyiraho ubukungu buzenguruka, harimo ibikorwa remezo nkenerwa byo gukusanya no gutunganya ibikoresho.
Gukorana nabaguzi mubice nko gutunganya ibicuruzwa - kugirango harebwe uburyo butandukanye bwo kujugunya neza (urugero: ibirango bitunganyirizwa muri Amerika) - hamwe n’ibikoresho byo gukusanya (urugero: Banki y’imyanda muri Indoneziya).
Gucukumbura uburyo bukomeye kandi bushya muburyo bwubukungu buzenguruka binyuze mubucuruzi bushya.
Gucukumbura uburyo bushya bwubucuruzi
Twiyemeje kugabanya imikoreshereze ya plastike imwe rukumbi dushora imari muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha bwibanda ku kuzuza no gupakira ibintu.Imbere yimbere izi akamaro ko gutunganya ariko tuzi ko atariwo muti wonyine.Rimwe na rimwe, "nta plastiki" irashobora kuba igisubizo cyiza - kandi iki nikimwe mubice bishimishije byingamba zacu kuri plastiki.
Nkubucuruzi tumaze gukora ibigeragezo byinshi byo gutanga hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa bacu bacuruza, ariko, turacyakora kugirango tuneshe zimwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi zijyanye nimyitwarire y'abaguzi, ubuzima bwubucuruzi nubunini.Kurugero mubufaransa, turimo kugerageza imashini itanga imyenda yo kumesa mumasoko manini yo kumesa imyenda ya Skip na Persil kugirango dukureho plastike imwe rukumbi.
Turimo gushakisha ubundi buryo nka aluminium, impapuro nikirahure.Iyo dusimbuye ikintu kimwe ikindi, turashaka kugabanya ingaruka zose zitateganijwe, bityo dukora isuzuma ryubuzima kugirango tumenye ingaruka zidukikije kubyo twahisemo.Turimo kureba uburyo bushya bwo gupakira hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gukoresha, nko kumenyekanisha amakarito yipakira kubiti bya deodorant.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-27-2020