PVC plastike ikomatanyirizwa muri gaze ya acetylene na hydrogen chloride, hanyuma igahinduka polymerize.Mu ntangiriro ya 1950, yakozwe nuburyo bwa karubide ya acetylene, naho mu mpera za 1950, ihinduka uburyo bwa okiside ya Ethylene hamwe nibikoresho fatizo bihagije kandi bihenze;Kugeza ubu, ibice birenga 80% bya PVC bisigaye kwisi byakozwe nubu buryo.Ariko, nyuma ya 2003, kubera igiciro cyamavuta yazamutse, igiciro cyuburyo bwa carbide ya acetylene cyari munsi yikigereranyo cya 10% ugereranije nuburyo bwa okiside ya Ethylene, bityo inzira ya synthesis ya PVC ihinduka uburyo bwa karubide ya acetylene.
PVC plastike ikoreshwa na vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) ikoresheje guhagarikwa, amavuta yo kwisiga, ubwinshi cyangwa inzira yo gukemura.Ihagarikwa rya polymerisiyonike ryabaye uburyo bwingenzi bwo gukora ibisigazwa bya PVC hamwe nuburyo bukuze bwo gukora, imikorere yoroshye, igiciro gito cyumusaruro, ubwoko bwinshi bwibicuruzwa hamwe nuburyo bugari.Ifite hafi 90% yinganda zikora PVC ku isi (homopolymer nayo igera kuri 90% yumusaruro wa PVC ku isi).Iyakabiri nuburyo bwo kwisiga, bukoreshwa mukubyara PVC paste resin.Imyitwarire ya polymerisation itangizwa na radicals yubuntu, kandi ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 40 ~ 70oc.Ubushyuhe bwa reaction hamwe nubunini bwabatangije bigira uruhare runini ku gipimo cya polymerisation no gukwirakwiza uburemere bwa molekuline ya PVC resin.
Guhitamo uburyo bwo guhitamo
Inzira ya plastike ya PVC igizwe ahanini na resin ya PVC ninyongeramusaruro, bigabanijwemo: stabilisateur yubushyuhe, amavuta, gutunganya ibintu, guhindura impinduka, kuzuza, kurwanya anti-gusaza, amabara, nibindi. Mbere yo gutegura formulaire ya PVC, tugomba mbere na mbere gusobanukirwa imikorere ya PVC resin ninyongera zitandukanye.
1. Ibisigarira bigomba kuba pvc-sc5 resin cyangwa pvc-sg4 resin, ni ukuvuga PVC resin ifite impamyabumenyi ya polymerisation ya 1200-1000.
2. Sisitemu yo gutuza yubushyuhe igomba kongerwamo.Hitamo ukurikije umusaruro nyirizina usabwa, kandi witondere ingaruka ziterwa ningaruka zo kurwanya ubushyuhe.
3. Impinduka zingaruka zigomba kongerwaho.Impinduka za CPE na ACR zirashobora guhitamo.Ukurikije ibindi bice biri muri formula hamwe nubushobozi bwa plastike ya extruder, amafaranga yongeyeho ni ibice 8-12.CPE ifite igiciro gito kandi yagutse yinkomoko;ACR ifite gusaza cyane kandi irwanya imbaraga.
4. Ongeramo amafaranga akwiye muri sisitemu yo gusiga.Sisitemu yo gusiga irashobora kugabanya umutwaro wimashini zitunganya kandi bigatuma ibicuruzwa bigenda neza, ariko birenze urugero bizatera imbaraga za weld fillet kugabanuka.
5. Ongeraho gutunganya modifier irashobora kunoza ubuziranenge bwa plastike no kunoza isura yibicuruzwa.Mubisanzwe, ACR itunganya modifier yongeweho mubice 1-2.
6. Ongeraho uwuzuza birashobora kugabanya ikiguzi no kongera ubukana bwumwirondoro, ariko bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumbaraga zubushyuhe buke.Umucyo wa calcium karubone yoroheje hamwe nubwiza buhebuje ugomba kongerwamo, hamwe nibice 5-15.
7. Umubare munini wa dioxyde ya titanium ugomba kongerwaho kugirango ukingire imirasire ya ultraviolet.Dioxyde ya Titanium igomba kuba ubwoko bwa rutile, hiyongereyeho ibice 4-6.Nibiba ngombwa, ultraviolet ikurura UV-531, uv327, nibindi birashobora kongerwaho kugirango byongere gusaza kwumwirondoro.
8. Ongeramo ubururu na fluorescent yamurika muburyo bukwiye birashobora kuzamura cyane ibara ryumwirondoro.
9. Inzira igomba koroshya kure hashoboka, kandi inyongeramusaruro ntizigomba kongerwaho uko bishoboka.Ukurikije ibisabwa muburyo bwo kuvanga (reba ikibazo cyo kuvanga), amata agomba kugabanywa mubintu I, ibikoresho bya II nibikoresho III mubice ukurikije uko bagaburira, hanyuma bikapakirwa.
Ububiko bwahagaritswe
Guhagarika polymerisiyasi ituma ibitonyanga byumubiri umwe bihagarikwa mumazi mukomeza kubyutsa, kandi reaction ya polymerisation ikorwa mumatonyanga mato ya monomer.Mubisanzwe, guhagarika polymerisation ni polymerisime rimwe na rimwe.
Mu myaka yashize, ibigo byakomeje kwiga no kunoza formula, polymerizer, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nubwiza bwibikorwa byo guhagarika polymerisime rimwe na rimwe bya PVC resin, kandi byateje imbere ikoranabuhanga ryibikorwa biranga.Kugeza ubu, isosiyete ya Geon (yahoze ari sosiyete ya BF Goodrich) ikoranabuhanga, tekinoroji ya sosiyete ya shinyue mu Buyapani hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya sosiyete ya EVC mu Burayi irakoreshwa cyane.Ikoranabuhanga ryibi bigo bitatu rifite hafi 21% yubushobozi bushya bwa PVC resin ku isi kuva 1990.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-15-2022