Amateka ya plastiki

Plastike ni ibikoresho bigizwe nuburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwagizwe ningingo ngengabuzima ya sintetike cyangwa igice cya sintetike yingirakamaro kandi ishobora kubumbabumbwa mubintu bikomeye.
Plastike ni umutungo rusange wibikoresho byose bishobora guhindura kuburyo budasubirwaho utabanje kumeneka ariko, mubyiciro bya polymable moldable, ibi bibaho kurwego kuburyo izina ryabo rikomoka kuri ubwo bushobozi bwihariye.
Ubusanzwe plastiki ni polymers kama ya molekile nyinshi kandi akenshi iba irimo ibindi bintu.Ubusanzwe ni sintetike, ikunze gukomoka kuri peteroli, ariko, ibice byinshi bikozwe mubikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa nka acide polylactique iva mu bigori cyangwa selile ikomoka kumyenda y'ipamba.
Bitewe nigiciro cyabyo gito, koroshya ibicuruzwa, guhuza byinshi, no kutagira amazi, plastiki zikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinshi byingero zinyuranye, harimo amashusho yimpapuro hamwe nicyogajuru.Batsinze ibikoresho gakondo, nk'ibiti, amabuye, ihembe n'amagufa, uruhu, ibyuma, ikirahure, na ceramique, mu bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byasigaye ku bikoresho bisanzwe.
Mu bukungu bwateye imbere, hafi kimwe cya gatatu cya plastiki gikoreshwa mu gupakira kandi hafi ya kimwe mu nyubako zikoreshwa nko kuvoma, kuvoma cyangwa vinyl side.Ibindi bikoreshwa birimo imodoka (plastike igera kuri 20%), ibikoresho, n ibikinisho.Mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, gukoresha plastike birashobora gutandukana - 42% by'Ubuhinde bikoreshwa mu gupakira.
Plastike ifite byinshi ikoreshwa mubuvuzi kimwe, hamwe no kwinjiza polymer nibindi bikoresho byubuvuzi bikomoka byibuze igice cya plastiki.Urwego rwo kubaga plastique ntirwitirirwa gukoresha ibikoresho bya pulasitike, ahubwo ni ibisobanuro byijambo rya plastike, kubijyanye no kuvugurura inyama.
Ipasitike ya mbere yuzuye ku isi yose ni bakelite, yahimbwe i New York mu 1907, na Leo Baekeland wahimbye ijambo 'plastike'. Abahanga mu bya shimi benshi bagize uruhare mu bikoresho
siyanse ya plastiki, harimo na Hermann Staudinger wegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel witwa "se wa chimie polymer.